Entry Part of
speech
Definition Plural Verb
1st present
Verb
3rd past
Verb
3rd present habitual
Verb
2nd imperative
Verb
3rd infinitive
Sentence
ced
ᎦᏪᏟᎭ
gawehliha
gạ²we³hlị²ha
vi he's joking, he's teasing

ᏥᏪᏟᎭ
jiwehliha
jị²we³hlị²ha
ᎤᏪᏢᏅᎢ
uwehlvhnvi
u¹we³hlv²hnv²³Ɂi
ᎦᏪᏟᏍᎪᎢ
gawehlisgoi
gạ²we³hli²sgo³Ɂi
ᎯᏪᏢᎾ
hiwehlvna
hị²we¹hlv²³na
ᎤᏪᏢᏗ
uwehlvhdi
u²we¹hlvh³di
ᏙᎯᏳ ᎤᎸᏉᏗ ᎤᏪᏢᏗ.
Dohiyu ulvkwdi uwehlvhdi.
He really likes to joke.

Initial Prefixes
YI
JI
WI
NI
DE
DA
DI
I
GA
E


SUBJECT
1SG ᏥᏪᏟᎭ
tsiwetliha
2SG ᎯᏪᏟᎭ
hiwetliha
3SG ᎦᏪᏟᎭ
gawetliha
1DLINCL ᎢᏂᏪᏟᎭ
iniwetliha
1DLEXCL ᎣᏍᏗᏪᏟᎭ
osdiwetliha
1PLINCL ᎢᏗᏪᏟᎭ
idiwetliha
1PLEXCL ᎣᏥᏪᏟᎭ
otsiwetliha
2DL ᏍᏗᏪᏟᎭ
sdiwetliha
2PL ᎢᏥᏪᏟᎭ
itsiwetliha
3PL ᎠᏂᏪᏟᎭ
aniwetliha

* disclaimer - conjugations may be incorrect - they are for potential reference only

Show/Hide Transliteration

Present tense: actions that are ongoing in the present moment.
Present tense is constructed by adding appropriate prefixes to the present tense verb stem. The verb stem is the verb root plus the tense suffix along (either -a or -i for present tense) with changes to the root caused by sound juxtapositions.
To find the present tense stem, remove the prefixes from the "Verb 1st present" entry. Unless there are other pre-pronominal prefixes required for this verb (like w(i)-, d(a)-, or n(i)-), those prefixes are either:
  • For "set A" verbs: g- (before stems beginning in a vowel), ji- (before stems beginning in a consonant), or jiya- (when there is an animate object receiving the action of the verb).
  • For "set B" verbs: agw- (before stems beginning in a vowel) or agi- (before stems beginning in a consonant).
  • Jiy- or jiya- (when there is an animate object (like a person) receiving the action of the verb).
    Thus, the basic present tense is:
    *pronominal prefixes + verb root (along with sound changes) + present tense suffix (a or i)
    (*plus any obligatory pre-pronominal prefixes required for this specific verb, like w(i)-, d(a)-, or n(i)-).
    Additional prefixes and suffixes can be added to modify the meaning of most verbs. Explanations of these can be found in the following resources:
    Feeling, Durbin. 1975. Cherokee-English dictionary. ed. by William Pulte. Cherokee Nation of Oklahoma.
    Montgomery-Anderson, Brad. 2015. Cherokee Reference Grammar. University of Oklahoma Press.